Board Examinations in India, 2022 – A data analysis

Although we have various education related reports like the Annual Status of Education report (ASER), National Achievement Survey (NAS), we wanted to understand the Status of board exam results in the country.

To understand the same, we analysed 20 state-boards across the country along with CBSE and ICSE Board’s Class-10th and Class-12th passing percentages in year 2022. We hope to add the other States and Union Territories to the analysis.

As reference, we looked at press releases by the respective state governments, newspaper articles with details of the results announced and various other articles for the analysis. State-wise details and data sheets are added in the appendix. The All India survey of higher education (AISHE) statewise is appended to understand the trends in College / University education. 

Some of the key findings from the analysis are as follows: 

  1. Total of 146-lakh students appeared for Class 12 board exams in the 20 states that we analyzed. The number for Class 10 board exams in the 20 states that we analysed is 179 lakhs.  
  2. Uttar Pradesh tops the charts with 24-lakh appearing for Class 12th whereas in CBSE board 14.5 lakhs appear for Class 12 exams.  
  3. 52% of the Class 12 students are in 6 states (UP, Maharashtra, Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal)  
  4. Eleven states along with ICSE-board have less than 5 lakhs students appearing for the Class 12 board exam.
 

A-NUMBERS

 In class 12th:

§  Three states (Maharashtra, UP and Bihar) along with CBSE-board have more than a million students (10 lakhs) appearing for exam.

§  Six states have students between 5-10 lakhs appearing for the exam.

§  Eleven states along with ICSE-board have less than 5 lakhs students appearing for the exam.

Number of Students in Class 12

States

Above 8 Lakhs

Uttar Pradesh (24L), Maharashtra, Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu (8.06).

CBSE board has 14.4 lakh students.

 

Less than 8 lakhs and above 4 lakhs

West Bengal (7.45), Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra, Telangana (4.42)

Less 4 lakhs and above 1.5 lakhs

Kerala(4), Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Punjab, Haryana, Assam (2.15)

Less than 1.5 lakh

Uttarakhand (1.13 L) and ICSE (96K)

 
 

 

Figures in lakhs

 

Note: It is important to note that while CBSE has 14.5 lakhs students appearing for Class-12 exams; One State i.e. UP State board has 22 lakh students appearing for Class 12. Three states, UP, Maharashtra, Bihar put together has more than 50 lakh students

 

 
 

In Class 10th 

Figures in lakhs


  • Six states UP, Maharashtra, Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh) along with CBSE-board have more than 10 lakhs students appearing for exam.
  • Six states have students between 5-10 lakhs appearing for the exam.
  • Seven states along with ICSE-board have less than 5 lakhs students appearing for the exam.

 

Class 10 Vs Class 12 -Numbers

 

 

§  Clear drop in the Class 12 numbers as compared to Class 10.

 

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


B- PASS PERCENTAGE

    

Class 10 Pass %

Lowest in Assam (56%) and highest in States like Punjab, Kerala (~100%)

 

 

Class 12 Pass %

Lowest in Andhra (60%) and highest in Punjab (96%). Kerala pass % drops in Class 12 as compared to Class 10.

 

 

Class 10 Vs Class 12 -Pass Percentage

 

On the Left, drop in pass % in 12th, On the right a jump in pass % in 12th

§  Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Assam state-board have seen a significant increase in students passing in Class 12 (jump of 10-25% approx.) as compared to class 10th pass %.

 §  Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Telangana state-board have seen a significant drop in students passing percentage between 7-33% approx. from class 10th to 12th. 

 §  CBSE and ICSE pass% also marginally drops in Class 12

 

The pass% of Class X in Karnataka is 85.63%,

but the pass% in Class 12 is just 62%

 

 

C- OTHER FINDINGS 

§  In class 12th, science stream had the highest passing percentage followed by commerce and then humanities.

§  Jharkhand has been exception to this trend where humanities students has the highest passing percentage with 97% followed by commerce students and then science.



APPENDIX - Data Sheets 



Class 10 results

Class 12 Results

 

Nat average: 27.1%

Sl. No.

States

Over All Passing %-10th

Students Appeared (approx.) - 10th

Over All Passing %-12th

Students Appeared (approx.) - 12th

 

GER

(Higher Ed)
18-23

1

Uttar Pradesh

88.18%

27.81 L

85.33%

24.10 L

 

25.30%

2

Maharashtra

96.94%

16 L

94.22%

14.59 L

 

32.30%

3

Bihar

79.88%

16 L

80.15%

13.25 L

 

14.50%

4

Rajasthan

82.89%

10.9 L

96.00%

9.00 L

 

24.10%

5

Tamil Nadu

90.07%

9.12 L

93.79%

8.06  L

 

51.40%

6

West Bengal

86.60%

10.98 L

88.44%

7.45 L

 

19.90%

7

Madhya Pradesh

59.54%

10.29 L

72.72%

7.00 L

 

24.20%

8

Karnataka (PUC)

85.63%

8.53 L

61.88%

6.84 L

 

32.00%

9

Gujarat

65.18%

7.8 L

86.90%

6.5 L

 

21.30%

10

Andhra Pradesh

67.26%

6.15 L

60.40%

4.89 L

 

35.20%

11

Telangana

90.00%

5.03 L

67.16%

4.42 L

 

35.60%

12

Chhattisgarh

74.23%

4.5 L

79.30%

4.00 L

 

18.50%

13

Kerala

99.26%

4.26 L

83.87%

4.00 L

 

38.80%

14

Jharkhand

92.19%

4 L

95.00%

3.81 L

 

20.90%

15

Odisha

90.55%

5.26 L

82.10%

3.20 L

 

21.70%

16

Punjab

97.94%

3.21 L

96.96%

3.01 L

 

28.20%

17

Haryana

73.18%

3.25 L

87.08%

2.45 L

 

29.30%

18

Assam

56.49%

2.29 L

83.48%

2.15 L

 

17.30%

19

Uttarakhand

77.47%

1.29 L

82.63%

1.13 L

 

41.50%

20

Delhi

 81.27%

 -

 96.29%

 -

 

48.00%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

CBSE

91.46%

20.96 L

92.71%

14.4 L

 

21

ICSE

99.97%

2.31 L

99.38%

96 K

 

Note: Delhi school enrollment data will be added later.

 

Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in Higher education in India is 27.1% which is calculated for 18-23 years of age group. GER for male population is 26.9% and for female, it is 27.3%. For Scheduled Castes, it is 23.4 and for Scheduled Tribes, it is 18.0 as compared to the national GER of 27.1%. (This is as per latest AISHE 2019-20). (Blue states above the National average).

The GER % in Higher Ed is an indication of how many are in College or University in India. This ranges from 14.5% in Bihar to 51.40% in Tamil Nadu.

 
 

A further analysis of AISHE data will be taken up to understand what are the types of courses pursued by graduates in each of the states.

<End of blog>

References and further readings

The references / data, media reports etc. used for the analysis is available here at this link.

 

AISHE 2019-20 (Ministry of Education):

https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/statistics-new/aishe_eng.pdf

 

ASER 2022 (Pratham Foundation): https://www.asercentre.org/

http://img.asercentre.org/docs/ASER%202022%20report%20pdfs/allindiaaser202217_01_2023final.pdf

http://img.asercentre.org/docs/ASER%202022%20report%20pdfs/All%20India%20documents/aserreport2022.pdf

 

NAS 2021 (Ministry of Education):

https://nas.education.gov.in/home

 

 



 

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